Divine Beings
Shiva
शिव
The Great God
Who was Shiva?
Shiva (शिव): The Great God, one of the divine beings in the Mahabharata. The destroyer and supreme ascetic, who tested Arjuna in the form of a Kirata hunter before granting the Pashupatastra, and whose boon to Amba ensured Bhishma's fall.
Quick Facts
| Sanskrit name | शिव |
|---|---|
| Title / Epithet | The Great God |
| Faction | Divine Beings |
| Key traits | transcendent, fierce, generous, unknowable |
| Featured in | 115 stories |
About Shiva
The destroyer and supreme ascetic, who tested Arjuna in the form of a Kirata hunter before granting the Pashupatastra, and whose boon to Amba ensured Bhishma's fall.
In Their Words
You fought me without knowing me - that courage earns my weapon.
Shiva
Traits
- transcendent
- fierce
- generous
- unknowable
Story Appearances
Stories Featuring Shiva
113 further tales on this site name Shiva, in canonical reading order.
- Ancient BeginningsThe Earth's Plea, the Descent of the Gods, and the Sages Who Began the Telling
- Samudra ManthanThe Churning of the Ocean
- The King Who Was BothChanged from man to woman, ancestor of a great line
- How Ganesha Got His HeadThe Birth of the Lord of Beginnings
- The Demon Who Burned HimselfBhasmasura and the Dance of Mohini
- The Fire-Born and the Woman Who Became a ManDrupada's Children, Drona's Old Feud, and Amba's Vow Across Lives
- The King Who Made Fire SickTwelve years of butter and the appetite it ruined
- The Bow Out of the WaterWhat Varuna kept until two men needed it
- The Lineages of Gods and DemonsVaishampayana recites the descent of every creature from Brahma and the daughters of Daksha
- The Thousand-Armed KingUsha, Aniruddha, and the War of Banasura
- The Lake Called BinduWhere Maya found Bhima's club and Arjuna's conch
- The Vow of the Soft TongueVyasa's warning, and the promise Yudhishthira made instead
- Thirteen Years of FireThe exile teaches that suffering, accepted with dignity and used as a forge, transforms weakness into strength. The...
- The Warrior With the AxeParashurama, Jamadagni, and the Long Vengeance
- The Descent of the RiverBhagiratha and the Sons of Sagara
- The Sage Whose Blood Was SapShiva humbles Mankanaka's pride with a touch of his thumb
- The Birth of the War-GodSkanda and the Slaying of Taraka
- The Sage Who Defeated DeathMarkandeya, Shiva, and the Conquest of Death
- The Chaste Wife and the Three GodsAnasuya and the Test of the Trimurti
- The Abduction of DraupadiJayadratha's Crime and the Five Tufts of Shame
- The Promise Made in the Kamyaka WoodsThe allies arrive, and Draupadi asks Krishna what her friendship is worth
- The Blind King Counts the OddsA father adds up his enemies and hears whose fault it was
- The Mountain That Answers SpeechWhere a sage's temper made silence the price of passage
- Rudra's Share and the Sinking EarthTwo quarrels over what may be given away, on the Kalinga shore
- The Council at PrabhasaThe Yadavas find the exiles on the shore and argue about ending the exile by force
- The Weapons That Must Not Be ShownA demonstration the three worlds could not survive
- Swaha and the Six DisguisesThe wives who were punished for a child that was never theirs
- The Thunderbolt and the Seizers of ChildrenWhat came out of the wound, and the bargain that followed
- The Five Lakes of BloodParashurama's oblation to the fathers at Samantapanchaka
- Sakamvari and the Ford of GoldThe goddess who fed the sages on herbs, and the tirtha where Vishnu knelt to Rudra
- Indra Comes to GandhamadanaMatali brings Arjuna home from heaven, and the king of the gods follows him down
- The Children of AgniMarkandeya names the whole family of fires, from the daughters of Angiras to the rivers who mothered them
- How the Krittikas Took Abhijit's PlaceA star leaves the sky in envy of her elder sister, and Skanda's six nurses are raised into the empty station
- The Boon Bought With a HeadA small favour saved for one day of the war
- The Ten Names of ArjunaA frightened prince demands proof at the burning ground
- The Lineage of GandivaBrihannala names five sets of weapons and the six who held the great bow
- The Princess Who Became DeathAmba's story reveals how injustice, even unintentional injustice, creates cycles of suffering. Bhishma meant no harm -...
- Garuda's Map of the WorldThe four directions described from a bird's back
- The Ascetic Who Would Not Be CarriedA thought Garuda never spoke aloud costs him his wings
- The Yaksha Who Lent His ManhoodSthuna, Sikhandini, and the curse that made the loan permanent
- The Question of DaysEach commander prices the enemy army in mornings
- The Ten Kinsmen Against the Ten SonsDay six: Dhrishtadyumna kills two princes, ten Pandavas duel ten Kauravas, and Bhima goes into the elephants on foot
- Sanjaya Describes the EarthThe blind king asks what the earth is worth, and his charioteer answers with the whole of it
- The Islands Beyond JambudvipaSanjaya measures the seven islands, the world elephants and the sun
- What Krishna Told His CharioteerThe night Krishna decided to break his own vow
- The Armour of MantrasThe one day Duryodhana stood in front of Arjuna and did not fall
- The Lake and the Hall of ArrowsKrishna unyokes the horses in the middle of the battle
- One Man Against an Army of the NightAshwatthama burns a full akshauhini of Ghatotkacha's rakshasas
- Kurukshetra Day 15: The Day the Teacher DiedFrom the Dawn Prayers to the Half-Truth at Noon
- The Weapon That Would Not Burn ThemAshwatthama's fire, and why it left two men standing
- The One Who Walked Ahead of the ChariotArjuna finally asks who has been winning his battles
- Karna Takes the FieldThe vow that kept him out of ten days of war, and the grief that brought him into it
- The Boon Somadatta Asked ForA wrestling match at Devaki's self-choice, and the son born a generation later to answer it
- The One Who Walked Before the CarVyasa tells Arjuna whose lance was breaking the ranks in front of him
- The Road to JayadrathaArjuna breaks through the head of Drona's array on the fourteenth morning, from the omens at dawn to the river of blood
- The Brothers of AvantiTwo kings see Arjuna's horses tire, and one of them walks up to Krishna with a mace
- Bhima's Harvest on the Fourteenth EveningDrona takes the head of the king of Sivi, and Bhima kills with his fists, his palm and a caught dart until the kings call him Rudra
- The Whole Host Against DronaYudhishthira sends every man he has at the preceptor, and the fifteenth morning breaks into duels
- Bhima Carried From the FieldAshwatthama's afternoon after the Narayana weapon, and the shaft that took Bhima's charioteer
- The Journey to the MountainKrishna and Arjuna go north in the night before the vow
- The Burning of the Three CitiesShiva, the Ender of Tripura
- The King Names the PairsYudhishthira assigns each Pandava his enemy as Karna's array comes on
- How Parashurama Won Shiva's WeaponsYears of penance, a war fought with empty hands, and the arsenal that reached Karna
- Karna and Satyaki ClashOne Vrishni holds the Kaurava army, and the sixteenth day ends in dust
- Arjuna Cuts His Way to KarnaAn army ordered to tire one man before Karna kills him
- The Vows Before the Final DuelKarna, Shalya, Krishna and Arjuna each say what they will do when the other man dies
- The Fourth CommanderA nephew's water poured on an uncle's head at the foot of Himavat
- The Head That Would Not Let GoWhy the ford on the Sarasvati is called Kapalamochana
- The Head That Followed IndraA treaty kept to the letter and broken in every other way
- The Anointing of the War GodEvery god brings a gift to a six-day-old commander
- The Lords of the Waters and the TreasuresBalarama walks the Sarasvati past the fords where Varuna, Kubera, Indra and Surya won what they hold
- The Being at the GateAshvatthama offers himself to Mahadeva
- The Weapon He Could Not LiftAshvatthama's bargain on the Dwaraka shore
- Why Rudra Broke the SacrificeKrishna explains who really emptied the camp
- The Age Before KingsHow men who protected one another stopped, and what had to be written
- The Day the Rod VanishedWhat happened to the world when Chastisement disappeared
- The Four Shares of a SinWho agreed to carry a quarter of Indra's guilt, and what it cost them
- The Sweat That Became FeverA drop from Shiva's forehead, and the disease scattered through the world
- The Sage Inside the GodHow Usanas robbed Kuvera and came out as Shukra
- The Son Struck From the Fire SticksA hundred years of penance, a parrot on a branch, and a child born of friction
- The Rishi Born From a WordVyasa tells his disciples who he was before he was Vyasa
- The Road of WorksBrahman and the first Rishis stand a thousand years on the shore, and sacrifice is founded
- The Eighth Portion of VishnuSanatkumara tells the defeated Vritra what holds up the universe, and Bhishma tells Yudhishthira who Krishna is
- The Signs of Approaching DeathYajnavalkya tells the king of Mithila which door the soul leaves by, and how a man learns that his year has begun
- The Curses of the RishisKrishna names the marks that Brahmanas left on gods, seas and mountains
- The Gold Mountain in the Ocean of MilkBrahma tells Rudra of the one Purusha whom neither of them can see
- The Sacrifice of SatiDaksha's Pride and the Wrath of Shiva
- The Procession of IndrasIndra's Pride and the Vastness of Time
- The King Who Lost His SonGrief turned to the knowledge of the deathless soul
- The Sage Who Tested the GodsBhrigu finds the greatest is greatest in forbearance
- The Birth of the SwordNakula asks which weapon came first
- The Three Born of the FireBhrigu, Angiras and Kavi rise from a libation, and three gods claim them
- The Savitri Mantra of SalutationsBhishma gives Yudhishthira the roll of names to be said at dawn
- The Names That Cleanse SinAsked what destroys sin, Bhishma answers with a litany of gods, rivers, mountains, sages and kings
- Upamanyu's PenanceThe boy who refused every god but Shiva, and the god who came disguised as Indra to hear him do it
- Tandi and the Ten Thousand YearsA rishi meditates for a hundred centuries, sees Mahadeva, and hymns him as the end of all five roads
- The Vow of Ten and Two YearsKrishna keeps a twelve year vow on the mountain and a fire walks out of his mouth
- How Vishnu Got the DiscusUpamanyu tells Krishna where Sudarsana came from, and Krishna climbs Himavat to ask Mahadeva for a son
- The Devotees of MahadevaKapila, Valmiki, Gritsamada and others tell Yudhishthira what a lifetime's devotion to Mahadeva bought them.
- The Brahmanas Who Deserve WorshipNarada tells Krishna whom he bows to, and Bhishma tells a king what it costs to forget
- Gifts Under the Lunar MansionsNarada tells Devaki what to give under each star, and the gods ask Brahman for ground to stand on
- The Mysteries of Religion, Part OneThe deities, the Pitris and the Rishis each give up a duty whose reason is secret
- The Mysteries of Religion, Part TwoLomasa, Arundhati, the night-wanderers and the elephants of the quarters give up the last of their secrets
- The Child Who Stopped Indra's ArmA boy on Uma's lap holds the thunderbolt in the air
- The Foundations of RighteousnessBhishma is asked whether the eye or the scripture decides, and answers with three foundations and a long list of small rules
- Why Gold Is the Highest GiftThe metal left behind by fire
- The Cow Born of NectarDaksha's gift, Mahadeva's third eye, and why cattle wear many colours
- Four Faces and a Blue ThroatUma asks her husband to account for himself
- Uma Questions ShivaThe Goddess and the Great God on Dharma
- The Naked Priest of VaranasiHow a king outbid Indra for a brother nobody wanted
- The Eight Who Questioned BrahmaThe ladder from the Unmanifest down to a body
- The Return of the PortionsWho everybody turned out to have been
- The Rewards of the Eighteen ParvasVaishampayana prices each stage of hearing the Bharata against a sacrifice, from the Agnishtoma to twenty-one thousand years with Indra
Places in Shiva's Story
Drawn from the stories Shiva appears in.
Related Characters
Others counted among the Divine Beings.